Efficacy of Ganciclovir on CMV Retinitis Complication of Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Document Type : Case Report

Author

Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

Abstract

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous disease with different clinical phenotypes that is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, abnormal antibody response, and susceptibility to bacterial infections as well as severe viral infections and autoimmunity. Here we report a case of CVID with autoimmune hemolytic anemia presenting with blurred vision and cytomegalovirus retinitis which improved after treatment with ganciclovir.

Keywords


1- Chapel H, Cunningham-Rundles C. Update in understanding common variable immunodeficiency disorders and the management of patients with these conditions. Br J Haematol. 2009;145:709–727. 2- Bazregari S, Azizi G, Tavakol M, et al. Evaluation of infectious and non-infectious complications in patients with primary immunodeficiency. Cent Eur J Immunol. 2017; 42(4): 336–341.3- Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani H, Moazzami K, et al. Correlation between common variable immunodeficiency clinical phenotypes and parental consanguinity in children and adults. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2010;20(5):372-9. 4- Azizi G, Bagheri Y, Tavakol M, et al. The Clinical and Immunological Features of Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2018;18(5):537-545. 5- Aghamohammadi A, Farhoudi A, Moin M, et al.: Clinical and immunological features of 65 Iranian patients withcommon variable immunodeficiency. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol2005;12:825–832. 6- Aghamohammadi A, Parvaneh N, Tirgari F, et al. Lymphomaof mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in common variableimmunodeficiency. Leuk Lymphoma. 2006;47:343–346. 7- Aghamohammadi A, Allahverdi A, Abolhassani H, et al. Comparison of pulmonary diseases in common variableimmunodeficiency and X-linked agammaglobulinaemia.Respirology. 2010;15:289– 295. 8-Khodadad A, Aghamohammadi A, Parvaneh N, et al. Gastrointestinal manifestations in patients with common variable immunodeficiency. Dig Dis Sci. 2007;52:2977–2983. 9- Rezaei N, Aghamohammadi A, Kardar GA, et al. T helper 1 and 2 cytokine assay in patients with common variable immunodeficiency. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2008;18(6):449-53. 10- Abolhassani H, Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani F, et al. Health policy for common variable immunodeficiency: burden of the disease. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011;21:454–458. 11- Rezaei N, Abolhassani H, Aghamohammadi A, and OchsHD: Indications and safety of intravenous and subcutaneousimmunoglobulin therapy. Expert Rev ClinImmunol 2011;7:301–316. 12- Sissons JG, and Carmichael AJ. Clinical aspects and management of cytomegalovirus infection. J Infect. 2002;44:78–83. 13- Fallah S, Tabatabaei A, Pournasir Z, et al. Cutaneous cytomegalovirus infection in a child with hyper IgE and specific defects in antibody response to protein vaccines. Braz J Infect Dis 2011;15:484– 485. 14-Stack E, Washington K, Avant GR, et al.: Cytomegalovirus enteritis in common variable immunodeficiency. South Med J 2004;97:96–101. 15- Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani H, HirbodMobarakeh A, et al. The uncommon combination of common variable immunodeficiency, macrophage activation syndrome, and cytomegalovirus retinitis. Viral Immunol. 2012 Apr;25(2):161-5. 16-Mullighan CG, Read SJ, Bird AG, et al. Human cytomegalovirus infection is not increased in common variable immunodeficiency. J ClinImmunol1996;16:272–277. 17- Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS Research Group, in collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. Mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with either foscarnet or ganciclovir forcytomegalovirus retinitis. N Engl J Med 1992;326:213–220.